Synopsis The Himalaya has always been a source of fascination and inspiration for the naturalists and scientists since time immemorial. It has such an unusual rich fauna and flora that enticed the biologists all over the world. Geographically it ranges from 73-97o E longitude and 27-37o N latitude running from east to west. It provides to the multiplicity of varied microclimates and ecological niches not only to higher plants but for microorganisms as well. It is mainly governed by the variation in altitudes from subtropical climates in foot hills to temperate climate in higher altitudinal regions. Since, the Himalaya has been recognized as a hot spot for biodiversity, its microbial diversity also needs the attention of scientific community.