Medical beliefs and practices play an important role in every culture. All cultures have a set of ideas for defining and treating disease and ways of prescribing cures. The book deals with the traditional system of medicine prevalent among the Nicobarese of Car Nicobar Island. The aim of the study was to cover all the aspects related to their traditional system which includes their traditional beliefs and practices regarding health and sickness, diseases and their causations, home remedies, magico-religious treatment, plant folk medicine and modern system of medicine. Although tsunami has caused total destruction of the medical infrastructure, tremendous loss to the villages many of which have been almost washed away, but this vast knowledge of ethnomedicine certainly is a most valuable thing to treasure before it gets lost with the passage of time.