The plant kingdom has provided man with his therapeutic needs over many millennia. Indeed the vegetal kingdom has been the therapeutic arsenal of all the documented traditional systems of medicine which made possible the modern discipline of ethnomedicine, i.e., those beliefs and practices relating to diseases which are products of indigenous cultural development and are not explicitly derived from the conceptual frame work of modern medicine. The World Health Organisation estimated that perhaps 80% of the world??s population rely on traditional medicines for their primary health care. Medicinal and aromatic plants are among the most important natural products of India. They provide important sources of medicines for a large majority of population, besides economic returns. Sensing the importance and antidisease properties of the medicinal and aromatic plants, articles of this book have been compiled to give a clear idea of the subject and also help the medical practitioners to keep abreast of the latest developments.