The 4th Asian Buffalo Congress was an attractive and important event for scientists and researchers working at different veterinary colleges, agricultural universities and dairy research institutes across the world, where they deliberated upon various aspects of buffalo development. Present proceedings (in two Vols.) offers a glimpse of the current research activity in this field, with a special focus on areas such as: Buffalo-Health; Meat and Meat Products; Physiology; Socioeconomic Aspects; Biotechnology; Genetics and Breeding; Reproduction; Nutrition and Feed Resources; and General Management. While Vol. I incorporates the full text of 40 lead papers presented by participants from India, China, Bangladesh, Italy, Venezuela, Germany, USA, Austria, Thailand, Egypt and Ireland; Vol. II contains abstracts of over 500 oral and poster presentations.