Synopsis The second edition of this book provides a brief treatment of the principles of soils, as they exists and interact in the environment and concepts of fertilizer and manure along with practical aspects of their utilization. It is the author’s intent to produce compendium of informations that is equally useful to students in curricula, such as soil science, agronomy, horticulture and forestry as well as to non agricultural students of plant science, ecology, natural resources and environmental studies. It will serve as a foundation text for agriculturist and lay person as well. The book will be useful for students, associated with conservation, forestry and environmental sciences. Efforts have been made to compile recent available informations so as to make it more useful however, perfection is never achieved and as such any suggestion for further improvement by the readers will be welcomed. While compiling, the author has drawn some matter from popular journals, books reports etc. and is indebted to the editors, publishers and the authors of these publications. The author also indebted to Sh. S.K. Sharma, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Bikaner who collaborated on the related terminology section of this book.