Buddhism has had a strong philosophical component. Buddhism is founded on the rejection of certain orthodox philosophical concepts, in which the Buddha had been instructed by various teachers. Buddhism rejects atheism monism and dualism alike. The Buddha criticized all concepts of metaphysical being and non being and this critique is inextricable from the founding of Buddhism. Particular points of Buddhist philosophizing have often been the subject of disputes between different schools of Buddhism. Metaphysical questions such as is there a God and does the soul really exist? have divided the Buddha's followers even during his own lifetime and epistemological debates over the proper modes of evidence have always been lively in Buddhism. The aim of the book is to put researchers engaged in different areas of research on a common platform so as to be benefited by the current state of knowledge in the field of this subject.