Industrial Biotechnology is an interdisciplinary subject involves microbiology, biochemistry, process technology and chemical technology. The topics need to be dealt in an interactive way in order to comprehend the complexities involved in the fermentative production of different products of commercial importance. The present book deals with the basics of bio-process and large scale production of microbial products of economic importance. An effort is made to provide complete information needed both for teachers and researchers. Some of the topics like bio-pesticides, bio-fertilizers, bio-sensors cultivation, cell and tissue culture of both plants as well as animals are also given in order to get holistic view of biotechnology. Brief account of intellectual property rights and patents is discussed for the benefit of budding bio-technologist. At the end of each chapter, review questions for self assessment and further readings are provided so as to satiate the curiosity of the reader.