The volume has selected papers contributed at the 95th annual conference of the Indian Economic Association in 2012 which take up the theme of demographic dividend with particular reference to employment. The papers examine the demographic scenario in India and aspects like employment trends, human resource and employable skill development, vocational education among youth, and the need for mitigating road accidents in view of the demographic dividend. With some case studies, they explore the demographic trends and development in order to understand the local and global requirements and effective implementation of changes. They try to understand the challenges to the demographic dividend and policy to ensure that changes could be effected in the appropriate direction in order to ensure rapid socio-economic development.