This book is a comprehensive compilation of all those issues related to ecological, morphological, pathogenic and molecular diversity in phytopathogens, conservation of microbial biodiversity, estimation and exploration of microbial diversity for agricultural sustainability, role of microbial diversity in biodegradation of organic pollutants and heavy metals under rhizosphere ecosystem contribution of rhizosphere microorganisms to plant health and agriculture, microbial community in rhizosphere and their impact on plant biology, microbial diversification in the rhizopshere soil, diversity and role of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria in agricultural crops, plant quarantine and the international exchange of microbial biodiversity, insects-microbes association, biodiversity and ecological distribution of nematophagous fungi, morphological and molecular diagnosis of phytopathogens, genetic variability and management of phytopathogens causing diseases in crop plants, utilization of molecular tools and techniques for studying soil microbial diversity, exploitation of soil microbial diversity for disease suppression, crop production and sustainable agriculture, which are useful for undergraduate and post graduate students, research scholars, scientists working in the areas of Agriculture, Botany, Micorbiology and Plant Pathology.