This is a study of the history and development of Kashmiri classical music, sufiana mausiqi, from its origin at the time of the fifteenth century to the present. It begins with a discussion on advent of Islam and Sufism in the Kashmir region. It examines some fundamental concepts of sufiana mausiqi such as its concept of maqam, tala and notation and the instruments that are used in the musical recitals. It highlights the existing gharanas in this art form, giving the lineage of artists. Containing interviews with some persons associated with this art form, directly or indirectly, it discusses the current practice of sufiana music in the state and the decline of the music in present times owing to various factors.