Synopsis The present study is based primarily, on the Caraka-Samhita, Susruta-Samhita and other oldest available texts on Ayurveda. An attempt is made here to present a detailed account of some of the nonclinical aspects of Ayurvedic principles and applications of health care, with a special reference to rejuvenation as found in oldest Ayurvedic Texts. Incidentally, some general and specific problems regarding the identifications of medicinal plants are also discussed.